Mongolia

Capital : Ulan Bator

Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Omnogovi, Övör, Hangay, Sühbaatar

History

The Mongol horsemen conquered a huge amount of land during the Middle Ages. Genghis Khan was perhaps their best-known leader as it was under his rule that most of the territory was acquired and their capital city, Karakorum, built. Kubilai, his grandson, was also a powerful ruler. It was his court that Marco Polo visited and which formed the basis for the poem 'Kubla Khan'.

Modern Mongolia has emerged from Soviet influence to become an independent country retaining much of the language and culture of the Mongols, including a deep interest in horses.

Mongolian had no written form until 1204 when Genghis gave orders for it to be written in Uighur characters based on an Aramaic alphabet. In English, k/g, t/d, o/u and ö/ü are interchangeable.

Mongolian Names

First Names

These seem to be used for either males or females.

Al	Alagh	Altan	Arban	Arghun	Arigh
Arik-Boke	Ariunbold	Arslan	Baichu	Batachikhan	Batu
Bayan	Bayar	Bekter	Belgutai	Berke	Boke
Bora	Borchu	Borte	Bourtai	Buandelgereen	Bumbyn
Buqa	Burilgi	Chagadai	Chagan	Chagatai	Chaghatai
Chamuka	Chatagai	Checheg	Chengelay	Cheren	Chinua
Chulunny	Dalan	Damdinsuryn	Dampildorg	Dash	Delger
Dochin	Dojoodorj	Dologhon	Dorben	Dorj	Duger
Edigey	Eiji	Enq	Erdene	Gal	Gan
Genghis	Gerel	Ghazan	Gombo	Guildar	Gurban
Gutchluk	Guyuk	Ho'elun	Houlun	Hulagu	Inalchuk
Isuke	Jagun	Jaran	Jebtsundamba	Jochi	Juchi
Juchin	Jurgaghan	Kabul	Kassar	Khaidu	Khidyr
Kipchak	Kitbuqa	Koke	Kouang	Kubilai	Kuzhuk
Magnai	Magsa	Maidar	Mamay	Mangu	Merkid
Minghan	Mongke	Mongo	Muhuli	Mukuli	Munlik
Naiman	Nasan	Nayan	Negan	Nevniz	Nogay
Noyon	Nymadawa	Ogotai	Osol	Otchigin	Oyugun
Qacha	Qadan	Qara	Qasar	Qo'ai-marael	Qorchi
Qori	Qorin	Qoyor	Qulan	Qutlugh	Qutugh
Shria	Ssima	Sube	Subotai	Suhe	Sukhebaatar
Suren	Surengiin	Surtak	Taban	Tabin	Taidjut
Targoutai	Tebtengri	Tegus	Temuder	Temuge	Temujin
Temulun	Temur	Tikhtamysh	Tilik	Toghrul	Tolui
Toquchar	Toukta	Tuli	Tuluy	Tumen	Ulagan
Unegen	Vachir	Yaba	Yeke	Yeran	Yesukai
Yisun

Surnames

These were not used until modern times.

Batmunkh	Bira	Borhondoi	Boshigt	Chimidorj	Choybalsan
Davaa	Ganbaatar	Ganbold	Gansukh	Gonbat	Hattori
Ishkand	Ochirbal	Olzvoi	Saihan	Tomor-ochir	Tsedenbal
Tserendjav	Yundendorj

Gods

Tengri	sky, chief god
Kwan-ti	war

Khans

Genghis (Temujin)	1206-298
Ogodei	1228-41 East Asia	son of Genghis
Chagadai	1228- Turkestan	son of Genghis
Tuluy	1228- Mongolia	son of Genghis
Batu	1228- Kazakhstan + Europe	grandson of Genghis
Kubilai (Kubla)	1241-	grandson of Genghis
Hulagu	1253-8 Islam Empire	grandson of Genghis

Khakhans (Great Khans)

Guyuk	1246-8
Mongka	1251-9
Ariqboga	c 1261
Kubilai	1261-94	brother of Ariqboga
Temur	1294-1207	grandson of Kubilai

Khans of the Golden Horde

Ulagchi	1256-8	son of Surtak
Berke	1258-66	a Muslim
Magu-Temir	1266-80
Tuda-Mangu	1280-7	brother of Magu-Temir
Tokhta	1291-1312
Uzbeg	1312-41	Muslim who converted Mongols
Tinibeg	1341-2 dep	son of Uzbeg
Janibeg	1342-57	brother of Tinibeg
Berdibeg	1357-9	son of Janibeg
Kulpa	1359-60	brother of Berdibeg
Timor-Kutlugh	-1400
Shadibeg	1400-7
Balat-Saltan	1407-10
Timur Khan	1410-
Ulug-Mahmed	-1445
Mahmudek	1445-

Ilkhan of Persia

Hulagu	-1265	grandson of Genghis
Abaqa	1265-82
Tekuder	1282-4	'Sultan Ahmad'
Arghun	1284-91	brother of Tekuder

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This collection of names compiled by Kate Monk. Copyright January 1997, Kate Monk. Last updated November, 97. Copies may be made for personal use only.