Capital : Warsaw (Warszawa)
Around 800 BC, most of this area was inhabited by the Lusatian group who were probably ancestors of the Slavs. In Roman Imperial times, it was part of Germania which was never fully conquered. Poland became a Catholic Christian country in the C10th but tried to remain independent from the Franks by putting its churches under the direct protection of Rome. Mieszko I (960-92), united the tribes of Greater or northern Poland in the late C10th. Under his son, Boleslav Chrobry (992-1025), the small Polish state acquired Masovia to the north, Lausitz, Silesia and Little Poland to the west and south and temporarily occupied Meissen, Bohemia and Moravia.
Silesia became part of the kingdom of Bohemia in 1368 but under Casimir the Great, Poland became a major territorial power in Europe, acquiring Ruthenia to the south in 1366. The northern coastal area was under the Germanic Order of Teutonic Knights but Poland profited from the trade route they opened to the Baltic sea. However, their attempts to link their territory in Prussia with Livonia to the east and Pomerania in the west led to war with Poland after which Pomerelia, Danzig and other lands passed into Polish control. In 1386, Jadwiga, heiress to the Polish throne, married Jagiello of Lithuania (who became king as Wladyslaw II) and the two countries were united to form the largest state in Europe although religious differences caused some problems.
The empire of Casimir IV (1447-92) was short-lived and the Cossacks of the Ukraine rebelled in 1648. After a long period of warfare in which the Ottoman Turks were also involved Russia and Poland signed a treaty in 1686 which ceded Kiev and lands around the middle of the Dnieper to Russia. The steady rise of Kievan Russia gave it control of most of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth through partition treaties at the end of the C18th and after a brief period as the Duchy of Warsaw under Napoleonic France, much of Poland was ruled by the Tsar. Germany occupied Poland during World War I and after the war the country was regained from the three Empires that had partitioned it at the end of the C18th.
During the Second World War, Germany occupied Poland again and around four and a half million Polish civilians died as a result of Hitler's eugenic policies. The country regained independence after the war, becoming a Communist state heavily under Soviet influence. There were revolts against the Soviet presence in the 1950s and in 1970 but these were put down. Poland remained virtually under the control of the USSR until the break-up of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s and the efforts of Lech Walesa and the trade union 'Solidarity' in Gdansk (Danzig). It made an association agreement with the EC in 1992.
Slavonic Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Bialas | Bialy |
| Bogdan Bohdan | Bodek Bodzio |
| Boguchwal Bogufal | |
| Boguslaw | Bogusz Bohusz |
| Boleslas Boleslaus | |
| Boleslav Boleslaw | |
| Borys | Boryslav |
| Bozydar Bozydor | |
| Budzislaw | Budzisz Budzyk |
| Chwalibog Chwaliborg | |
| Czcibor | Cibor Scibor |
| Czeslaw Czeslav | Czech Czesiek |
| Dragomir Drogomir | |
| Jaroslav Jaroslaw | |
| Jasomir | Jaschiu? |
| Kasimierz Casimir Kazimierz | Mirek |
| Lechoslaw | Leslaw Lech Leszek |
| Ludoslaw Lutoslaw | |
| Mieczyslaw | Maslaw Mieszko Mietek |
| Miloslaw | Milek Milosz |
| Miroslaw Miroslawy | Mirek |
| Przybyslaw Przbyslaw | |
| Radoslaw | Raclaw Radusha Slawek |
| Roscilaw Roscislaw | |
| Slawomierz Slawomir | |
| Stanislaw Stanislav | Stach Stas Stasio |
| Wenceslaw Wienczyslaw Wieceslaw? | Waclaw |
| Wielislaw | Wieslaw Wiesiek Wiesiulek |
| Wladyslaw Wlodzislaw Ladislas Ladislaus | |
| Wojciech | Wojteczek Wojtek |
| Zbigniew | Zbyszko |
| Zdislaw Zdzislaw | Zdzich Zdziech Zdziesz Zdzieszko Zdzis Zdzisiek |
| Ziven Zivon | Ziv |
| Atjasz | Bogumierz | Bogumil | Bratumil | Bronislaw | Dobieslaw |
| Dobromierz | Dobromil | Dobroslaw | Dobry | Falibog | Gawel |
| Genek | Holleb | Iazech? | Jalu | Jarogniew | Jaromierz |
| Jaromil | Jaropelk | Joris? | Kanitzar? | Kazio | Kukasz |
| Kwiatoslaw | Lew | Lubomierz | Lubomil | Luboslaw | Ludomierz |
| Magnar | Maslaw | Milij? | Mscislaw | Olgierd | Przemysl |
| Radman | Radzimierz | Sandomir | Scibor | Sobieslaw | Sviatoslav |
| Swietomierz | Swietopelk | Szczesny | Szczester? | Tivadar | Tomislav |
| Wandulkin? | Wawrzyniec | Witold | Wlodzimierz | Zarek | Zelislaw |
Hebrew/Biblical Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Aaron | Aron |
| Adam | Adok? |
| Andrej Andrzej | |
| Barnabo Barnaby Barnaba | |
| Bartolomiej | Bartosz |
| Gabriel Gabrjel | Gabrys Gabrysz |
| Ivan Evan Iwan | |
| Izaak Izak | |
| Jakob Jakub | Koby Kuba Kubu |
| Jan | Janek Janik Janko Janos Janusz |
| Jedrzej Jedrej | Jednek Jednis Jedrik |
| Józef Josef Josep Yusef | Jozio? |
| Lucas Lukasc Lukasz | |
| Maciej | Maciek |
| Mateusz | Matus Matusek Matuszek Matys Matysek Máta Matejek Matejík Matejícek Matousek Matys Matýsek |
| Nathan | Natan |
| Nathaniel | Nataniel Nathanial |
| Tomasz | Tomcio Tomek Tomico |
| Beniamin | Daniel | Dawid | Eljasz | Emanuel | Izajasz |
| Joachim | Jonasz | Jonatan | Jovan | Kasper | Lazarz |
| Marian | Melchior | Michal | Mojzesz | Noe | Rafal |
| Serafin | Symeon | Szymon | Urjasz | Zacharjasz |
Latin/Roman Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Antoni Antonin Atoniy | |
| Aureli | Aurek |
| Benedykt | Bendek Benek |
| Cezar Cesary Cezary | |
| Egidiusz | Idzi |
| Emil Emilian | Emeljan |
| Franciszk | Francizek Franek |
| Gwido | Gwidon |
| Ignacy | Ignacek Nacek |
| Januarius | Janiusz Janiuszek Jarek |
| Justyn | Juziu? |
| Klemens | Klimek |
| Konstantyn | Konstancji Konstanty |
| Kornel | Korneli Korneliusz Kornek Kornelek |
| Krystyn | Krystian Chrystian Crystek |
| Krzysctof Krzysztof | |
| Laurencjusz Laiurenty Lawrenty | Wawrzniec |
| Leon | Leonek Linek |
| Maksymilian | Maksym |
| Marceli Marcel Marcely | Marek |
| Marcin | Marcinek |
| Maurycy | Maury |
| Patryk Patrycy | Patek |
| Paulos Pawal Pawel Pawl | Inek Pawelek |
| Piotr | Pietrek Piotrek |
| Sergius Serjiusz | |
| Sylwester Silvester | |
| Urban Yrban? | |
| Valentyn Walenty Walentyn | |
| Viktor Wiktor | |
| Vincenty | Wicent Wicenty Wincent Wincenty Wicek Wicus |
| Walerian Waleran |
| Albin | Aniol | August | Augustus | Augustyn | Babtysta |
| Blazej | Bonifacy | Cecyl | Dezydery | Dominik | Donat |
| Fabian | Felicjan | Feliks | Fidelis | Flawiusz | Florentyn |
| Florian | Grzegorz | Hilary | Honok | Innocenty | Julian |
| Juliusz | Kajetan | Kamil | Klaudiusz | Kwintyn | Lucjan |
| Lucjusz | Makimus | Marian | Napoleon | Noel | Oktawjan |
| Petruno | Pius | Placyd | Prym | Remigiusz | Renat |
| Roman | Rufin | Saturnin | Seweryn | Wit |
Greek Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Aleksander Aleksy | Olech Olek Oles |
| Ambrorzy | Mroz Morzek |
| Cyryl | Cyrek |
| Dariusz Darjusz | Darek |
| Demetrjusz | Dymitr |
| Filip | Fil Filipek |
| Ireneusz | Irén? |
| Izydor | Dorek? |
| Jacenty | Jacek Jach Jack |
| Jerzy | Jurek |
| Makary | Machas? |
| Mikolaj Mikolai | Mikulasek Mikus |
| Narcyz | Nardek? |
| Sebastian | Sebastjan |
| Stefan Szcepan Szczepan | |
| Teodor Fedor Feodor | Teos Tolek |
| Tymoteusz | Tomek Tymek Tymon |
| Anatol | Apolinary | Apoloniusz | Atanazy | Bazyli | Cyprian |
| Damian | Dionizy | Eufemiusz | Eugeniusz | Eustachy | Hieronim |
| Hipolit | Jazon | Kosmy | Metody | Miron | Nestor |
| Nikodem | Prokop | Tadeusz | Teofil | Ulisses | Zenon |
Germanic/Other Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Bernard | Bernardyn |
| Edgar | Edik |
| Eduard | Edzio Etzio? |
| Fryderyk | Fredek |
| Gerard | Gerik |
| Henryk | Heniek? |
| Karol | Karolek |
| Konrad | Kurt |
| Ksawery | Kszawery |
| Otto | Otton |
| Ryszard | Rysio? |
| Wilhelm | Wilek Wilus |
| Alamen | Alfons | Alojzy | Anzelm | Artur | Brunon |
| Edmund | Ernest | Eryk | Ewald | Ferdynand | Gerwazy |
| Gustaw | Herman | Hubert | Hugo | Humphrey | Igor |
| Iwo | Ludwik | Olaf | Oliwjer | Onufry | Osman |
| Rajmund | Renard | Robert | Roderyk | Romuald | Rudolf |
| Ulryk | Waldemar | Walter | Zedorik | Zygmunt |
Slavonic Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Bogdana Bohdana | Bogna Dana |
| Bronislawa | Bronia Bronya |
| Danica Danika | |
| Jaroslawa | Jara |
| Kazimiera | Kazi Kazia |
| Ludmila | Mila |
| Mina | Minka |
| Miroslawa | Mira Mirka |
| Nadzieja | Nadzia Natia Nata Natka |
| Radoslawa | Rada Radinka? |
| Roscilawa Roscislawa | |
| Vladislavka | Valeska |
| Wanda Vanda | Wandy |
| Wiera Wiara Wira |
| Bogumila | Boguslawa | Boleslawa | Daga | Dobrila | Dobromira |
| Domicela | Dragomira | Ilona | Iola? | Lechsinska | Miloslawa |
| Morela | Neda | Nijole | Olga | Predslava? | Radmilla |
| Rasia | Rula? | Stanislawa | Wladyslawa | Zdzislawa |
Hebrew/Biblical Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Anna Aniela | Ania Aneta Anka Anula Anusia Zaneta |
| Daniela | |
| Debora | |
| Elzbieta | Ela Eliza Elka Liza |
| Ester Estera | |
| Ewa | Ewka Ewelina Ewusia |
| Gabriela | Gabrysia |
| Hania Hanna | |
| Izabella Izabel Izabela | |
| Jana | Janecska Janka Jasia Janina Janki |
| Joana | Joanna Joanka Joanny Hanka Jonna |
| Jozefa | Jozefina |
| Judyta | |
| Magdalena Magdelina | Madde Madzia Magda Magdosia Magdusia |
| Maria Marja | Macia Mani Mania Manka Marika Marusia Maryla Maryli Marysi Marysia Marzena Masia |
| Maria-Ruth | |
| Maria-Teresa | |
| Marta | Marzena? |
| Michalina Michalin | Misia |
| Rachel Rachela Rahel | |
| Rebeka | |
| Ruth Rut | |
| Salomea | |
| Sara Zarah | |
| Serefina | |
| Stefania | Stefa |
| Tamary | |
| Tomazja | |
| Zuzanna Zuzanny | Zusa |
Latin/Roman Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Antonina Antuaneta | Tonya |
| Barbara | Basa Basha Basia |
| Cecilia Cecylja | Celja |
| Celestyna Celestyn | |
| Emilia Emilja | |
| Felicia Felicja Felicya | Fela Felcia Felka |
| Florens Florentyna | |
| Franciscka Franciszka | Fraka Frania |
| Gracja | Grazyna |
| Hortensia Hortenspa Hortenzja | |
| Jolanta | Jola |
| Julia Julja | Julita Zuljeta |
| Justina Justyna | |
| Kamila Kamilla | Kamilka Mila Milla |
| Klara | Klarybel Klarysa |
| Klaudia Klaudja | |
| Krystjana | Krysta Krystka |
| Krystyna Krystyn | Krysta Krysia Krystka Krystynka |
| Laura | Laurinda |
| Letycia Letycja | |
| Lillianna Liljana | |
| Lucia Lucja Lucyna Luisa Lusia | |
| Marcela | Marcelina |
| Marianna Marinna Marjan Marjanna Marion | |
| Martyna Marzena | |
| Melania | Ela Mela Melcia Melka |
| Paula Pola | Paulina |
| Petronela | Ela Nela Petra Nelka |
| Róza Ruza Ruzha | Rozy Rozyczka Rozalia Rozalja |
| Sabina | Sabiny |
| Sylwia Sylwja | |
| Urszula | Urszuli |
| Wiktoria Wicktoria Wikitoria Wiktorja | Wicia Wikta Wisia |
| Albinka | Augusta | Aurelia | Beata | Beatrix | Benedykta |
| Bona | Danuta | Ewangelina | Faustyna | Felicyta | Fidelja |
| Hilaria | Honorata | Juljana | Klementyna | Konstancja | Kornelja |
| Leokadia | Miranda | Monika | Natalia | Oktawja | Oliwja |
| Patrycja | Priscylla | Raina | Reginy | Renata | Romana |
| Rosabella | Seweryna | Tulla | Walentyna | Wioletta |
Greek Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Agnieska Agnieszka | |
| Aleksandra | Olesia |
| Anastazja | Nastka Nastusia |
| Celina | Cela Celek Celinka Celka Cesia Cyla? |
| Dorota | Dora |
| Elena Eleonora | Ela |
| Eudora | Dora Euda |
| Eugenia Eugenja | |
| Filipa | Filipina |
| Helena Halina | |
| Katarzina Katarzyna | Kasia Kasienka Kasin Kaska Kassia Katya Katrine Katrin Kati |
| Lidia | Lidka |
| Malgorzata | Malgosia Gosia |
| Margarita | Margisia Gita Rita |
| Olimpia | Pia |
| Pelagia | Pela |
| Penelopa | Lopa Pela Pelcia |
| Tekla | Tekli |
| Teodora | Teda Teodory |
| Teodozji | Dosia? |
| Teresa | Zyta |
| Zofia Zofja | Zocha Zosia |
| Agata | Altea | Andzelika | Daria | Delfina | Diana |
| Eufemia | Eufenja | Eulalja | Euzebia | Febe | Filomena |
| Irena | Karin | Kora | Melisa | Ofelja | Phillis |
| Rea | Roda | Roksana | Sibilia | Sofronja | Tadea |
| Theofila | Uranja | Weronika | Zefiryn | Zenobja | Zoe |
Germanic/Other Origin
| Given Name and Variants | Diminutives |
| Adelajda | Adela Adelina Alina Alka Alaka? |
| Alberta | Albertyna |
| Aldona | |
| Alicja | Ala Alinka |
| Amalia Amaljia Amelia Amelja | |
| Berta | |
| Brygid Brygida Brygita | Bryga Zytka |
| Edyta | |
| Emma | |
| Etel | Atka? Etta? |
| Freyderyka Fryderyka | |
| Gertruda Giertruda | Truda Trudka |
| Gizela | |
| Henrieta Henryka | Henka |
| Inga | |
| Irmina | |
| Iwona | |
| Jadviga Jadwiga | Wiga Wisa |
| Karolin | Karolina |
| Kordelja | Delja |
| Ludwika | Ludka Iza Lilka |
| Matylda | |
| Otylia | |
| Ryszarda | |
| Ulryka | |
| Zeraldina |
In common with other Slavonic languages, Polish has a great number of pet forms of names. These are almost always used except officially or in especially formal situations. As in Russian, they are formed from one or two syllables of the original name with an ending attached.
Some Polish surnames take a different ending for
males and females (ski - ska).
| Aronowitz | Baginsky | Balcerzak | Balicki | Balzac | Banaszak |
| Bartelski | Bartkowiak | Bartosz | Bartoszak | Bem | Bicukowski |
| Blaszczyk | Bojcun | Bonk | Bonte | Borek? | Borniski |
| Borowska | Borzecki | Brezinska | Bromka | Brzezinska | Bubelski |
| Buch | Buczacz | Burstzyn | Charnowski | Chichlowski | Chmara |
| Chojecka | Cimonszewicz | Cybulski | Czajkowski | Czartoryski | Czernin |
| Czubak | Czwisnjowski | Dabrowski | Danilczyk | Dembowski | Demidowicz |
| Dmowski | Dobrzynski | Drewnowski | Drzazgowski | Duglosz | Duzynski |
| Dyk | Dzielwialtowski | Dziewanowski | Dzikiewicz | Dzwonicki | Eile |
| Farasiewicz | Gaida | Gajewski | Galka | Gasioworski | Genachowski |
| Georgusz | Gerkasy | Gierulewicz | Golota | Gomulka | Gorzynski |
| Gospodyni | Grabowska | Greckij? | Gretsky? | Grocholska | Gruszeckyj? |
| Grzybowska | Gusewski | Haczek | Hadokowitz | Halusaynskyi | Hanusz |
| Holowczyc | Holowycz | Iglikowski | Iwinska | Jaigagewski? | Jakubowski |
| Jankowski | Januszewski | Jarmulowicz | Jaroskavsky | Jaruzelski | Jaskula |
| Jaworski | Jeziorkowska | Jodorowsky | Kalinska | Kaminska | Kandelcukier |
| Kantorowicz | Kapuscinski | Karczmarek | Karczmareks | Karlowicz | Kasprowicz |
| Kasprzyk | Kiesietowski | Kieslowski | Kinserdal | Kis | Kisza |
| Klima | Klimkowski | Kluk | Kobiela | Koblak | Kobolowski |
| Kohutek | Kolakowski | Kolbe | Kolodowicz | Komját? | Komorowski |
| Konarski | Kondracki | Kondrat | Kondratowicz | Kondzaella | Koprda |
| Kosciuszko | Kosko | Koslewski | Kostka | Kotas | Kotewicz |
| Kovel | Kowalski | Kozlowski | Krasicki | Krasinski | Krawczyk |
| Kreisky | Kryzwonos | Krzywanski | Krzyzanowski | Kubovy | Kubrick |
| Kudzinowski | Kujawski | Kulpa | Kupka | Kurbiel | Kurylowicz |
| Kusnierewicz | Kwasniewski | Kwasntewski | Labanowski | Lazaridis | Lelewel |
| Lenska | Lesek | Lewinsky? | Liss | Liszinski | Lubaszenko |
| Lubelsky | Lucjan | Lukasewicz | Lukaszewski | Machalica | Maciek |
| Mackcewiak | Mackowiak | Mahlke | Makoiecka | Makowicik | Maksymowicz |
| Malek | Malinomowski | Malinowski | Mankus | Marcinkiewicz | Marcinkowski |
| Maskorzewski | matuschanskavasky | Mazowiecki | Mazowieki | Mazur | Mehlich |
| Michalcyk | Michalczewski | Michalovsky | Mickiewicz | Mierzwinski | Mikolajcik |
| Milosz | Mušinskij | Nastula | Niemojowski | Nviciutie | Olsza |
| Olynyk | Orlos | Osipovski | Osmulska | Ostapiuk | Osuch |
| Otræbski | Paderewski | Palsudski | Partyka | Pawlikowski | Peretsky |
| Pilaczynski | Pilarczyk | Pilenz | Pilsudski | Piotkowski | Pitkowski |
| Pitowski | Plazewska | Plomin | Podialik | Pokriefke | Polanski |
| Pollack | Poniatowski | Popieluszko | Posnansky | Potocki | Poznanski |
| Prazmowski | Przybyiski | Ptaszynski | Radwanski | Radziwill | Rokowski |
| Rostkowski | Rostow | Roszko | Rozwadowski | Rozycki | Rusedski? |
| Rybak | Rydz | Safarewicz | Sawatsky | Sbroczynski | Shablovsky |
| Shubinsky | Sidelsky? | Sierakowski | Skrzypinski | Slowacki | Smarz |
| Smoczynski | Sokolowski | sosabowski | Sowinski | Stariczack | Stasic |
| Staszewska | Staszicz | Stelmach | Stryjski | Suidek | Swobodo |
| Szajner | Szapolwska | Szasz | Szczuka | Szystva | Tancsics |
| Tolkmit | Turnau | Vorotrky | Waglewski | Wajda | Waksztok |
| Walencewicz | Walesa | Warnicka | Warshawski | Weclawek | Weinkove? |
| Wielpolski | Wieruszowski | Wisniewski | Witold | Wlodarcyk | Wodoslawsky |
| Wogchiek | Wojnar | Wojtyla | Wolflin | Wolinski | Wyndrowski |
| Wysocki | Wyszynski | Zagorska | Zakarzewski | Zamoyski | Zapalowski |
| Zastrzezynski | Zbigniew | Zelinsky | Zigarsky | Ziomkowski | Ziska |
| Zyndram | Zyrnicki |
| Duke Piast | -892 | ||
| Ziemovit | 892- | ||
| Leszek | 892-93 | son of Ziemovit | |
| Ziemonyslas | 93- | son of Leszek | |
| Mieszko I | c 963 | Dobrava, daughter of Boleslav I of Bohemia | |
| Boleslav I Chobry | 992-025 | son of Mieszko I | |
| Mieszko II | 025-3 dep 032-3 | son of Boleslav I | |
| Bezprym | 03-2 | usurper | |
| Casimir I the Restorer | 03-58 | son of Mieszko II | |
| Boleslav II the Bold | 058-8 dep | ||
| Vladislav I Hermann | 08-02 | brother of Boleslav II | |
| Zbigniev | 02-9 lands | son of Vladislav I | |
| Boleslav III | 02-38 divided | son of Vladislav I | |
| Vladislav II | 38-6 | son of Boleslav III | |
| Boleslav IV | 6-73 | brother of Vladislav II | |
| Mieszko III the Old | 73-7 rest 20-2 | brother of Boleslav IV | |
| Casimir II the Just | -9 | ||
| Civil war | -20 | ||
| Leszek II | 202-27 | son of Casimir II | |
| Boleslav V | 227- | son of Leszek II | |
| Vladislav III | c 23 | ||
| Henry I | 23-8 | Prince of Wroclaw | |
| Henry II | 238- | son of Henry I | |
| Boleslav VI theChaste | 2-79 | ||
| Leszek the Black | 279-88 | ||
| Przemyslav II | 295-6 | Greater Poland | |
| Vladislav Lokietek | 296-300 30-33 | son of Przemyslav II | |
| Wenceslas II | 300- exp | ||
| Casimir III the Great | 333-70 | last of Piast family | |
| Charles Robert | -32 Hungary | ||
| Lajos (Louis) the Great | 32-82 Hungary | son of Charles Robert | |
| Jadwiga | 382-99 | Jagiello of Lithuania | |
| Vladimir II / Jagiello | -3 | King of Lithuania | Jadwiga |
| Vladislav III | 3- | son of Jadwiga | |
| Casimir IV Jagiello | -92 | Elizabeth, daughter of Albert II of Austria | |
| John Albert | 92-50 | son of Casimir IV | |
| Alexander I | 50-6 | son of Casimir IV | |
| Sigismund I the Old | 506-8 | son of Casimir IV | Bona Sforza |
| Sigismund II Augustus | 58-72 | son of Sigismund the Old | |
| Henry de Valois (France) | 572 | ||
| Stefan Batory (Hungary) | 572-87 | Anna Jagiellonka | |
| Sigismund III Vasa | 587-632 | son of John II of Sweden + Catherine sister of Sigismund II | Anne of Styria
2 Constance of Styria |
| Ladislas IV | 632-8 | son of Sigismund III () | |
| John II Casimir | 68-68 | son of Sigisimund III (2) | |
| Michael I Wisniowiecki | 669-73 elected | Lithuanian | |
| John III Sobieski | 67-96 | son of Jacob Sobieski | Mary Kazimiera |
| Augustus II 'the Strong' | 697-733 elected | Elector of Saxony | |
| Augustus III | 733-63 | son of Augustus II | |
| Stanislas Poniatowski | 763-95 abd. | backed by Catherine II of Russia | |
| Nicholas/Romanov | dep. 83 |
| Byelobog | 'white god' of the good | |
| Dazhbog | sun | |
| Yarilo | erotic love, fertility | |
| Kupala | fertility goddess | |
| Devana | huntress |
Return to Eastern European Names index
This collection of names compiled by Kate Monk. Copyright January
1997, Kate Monk. Last updated February, 98. Copies may be made
for personal use only.